Wednesday 30 May 2012
Friday 25 May 2012
On 08:09 by Unknown No comments
37
down vote
accepted
To best share with multiple users who should be able to write in /var/www, it should be assigned a common group. For example the default group for web content on Ubuntu and Debian is www-data. Make sure all the users who need write access to /var/www are in this group.
sudo usermod -a -G www-data
Then set the correct permissions on /var/www.
sudo chgrp -R www-data /var/www
sudo chmod -R g+w /var/www
Additionally, you should make the directory and all directories below it "set GID", so that all new files and directories created under /var/www are owned by the www-data group.
sudo find /var/www -type d -exec chmod 2775 {} \;
Find all files in /var/www and add read and write permission for owner and group:
sudo find /var/www -type f -exec chmod ug+rw {} \;
You might have to log out and log back in to be able to make changes if you're editing permission for your own account.
Tuesday 22 May 2012
On 06:08 by Unknown No comments
Secure Shell or SSH is a network protocol that allows data to be exchanged using a secure channel between two
networked devices. Used primarily on GNU/Linux and Unix based systems to access shell accounts, SSH was designed
as a replacement for Telnet and other insecure remote shells, which send information, notably passwords,
in plaintext, rendering them susceptible to packet analysis. The encryption used by SSH provides confidentiality
and integrity of data over an insecure network, such as the Internet.
Linux
You can do this
open a terminal (e.g. if you use GNOME go to Applications>Accessories>Terminal)
type ssh root@your_ip or ssh your_ip -l root type your password and you are done
Sunday 20 May 2012
On 05:59 by Unknown No comments
This happens when the PostgreSQL module is missing.
Make sure that you uncomment / create the extension line in you php.ini.
Like:
Expand|Select|Wrap|Line Numbers
extension=pgsql.so ; For Unix
extension=pgsql.dll ; For Windows
Also, make sure that the file actually exist in the directory specified by the extension_dir directive.
You can look for the PostgreSQL info in the phpinfo() output to see if it has been loaded properly. If you can't find it, it hasn't been loaded.
or:
0 down vote
You need to install the php-pgsql package or whatever it's called for your platform. Which I don't think you said by the way.
On Ubuntu it'll be something like this:
sudo apt-get install php5-pgsql
On 05:41 by Unknown No comments
PostgreSQL is a powerful object-relational database management system, provided under a flexible BSD-style license.[1] PostgreSQL contains many advanced features, is very fast and standards compliant.
PostgreSQL has bindings for many programming languages such as
C, C++, Python, Java, PHP, Ruby... It can be used to power anything from simple web applications to massive databases with millions of records. Client Installation If you only wish to connect to a PostgreSQL server, do not install the whole PostgreSQL package, but install the PostgreSQL client instead. To do this, use the following command sudo apt-get install postgresql-client you then connect to the server with the following command psql -h server.domain.org database user After you inserted the password you access PostgreSQL with line commands. You may for instance insert the following SELECT * FROM table WHERE 1; You exit the connection with \q Installation Dapper To install PostgreSQL 8.1 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql-8.1 Hardy Install the latest Postgresql 8.3 from the command line with the following command: sudo apt-get install postgresql Karmic, Lucid, Intrepid and Maverick To install Postgresql 8.4 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql Administration pgAdmin III is a handy GUI for PostgreSQL, it is essential to beginners. To install it, type at the command line: sudo apt-get install pgadmin3 You may also use the Synaptic package manager from the System>Administration menu to install these packages. Basic Server Setup To start off, we need to change the PostgreSQL postgres user password; we will not be able to access the server otherwise. As the “postgres” Linux user, we will execute the psql command. In a terminal, type: Dapper
sudo -u postgres psql template1
Karmic, Lucid, Intrepid and Maverick
sudo -u postgres psql postgres
Set a password for the "postgres" database role using the command:
\password postgres and give your password when prompted. The password text will be hidden from the console for security purposes. Type Control+D to exit the posgreSQL prompt. Create database To create the first database, which we will call "mydb", simply type:
sudo -u postgres createdb mydb
Install Server Instrumentation for Postgresql 8.4 To install Server Instrumentation for Postgresql 8.4 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib Run the adminpack.sql script, simply type:
sudo -u postgres psql < /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/adminpack.sql Alternative Server Setup If you don't intend to connect to the database from other machines, this alternative setup may be simpler. By default in Ubuntu, Postgresql is configured to use 'ident sameuser' authentication for any connections from the same machine. Check out the excellent Postgresql documentation for more information, but essentially this means that if your Ubuntu username is 'foo' and you add 'foo' as a Postgresql user then you can connect to the database without requiring a password. Since the only user who can connect to a fresh install is the postgres user, here is how to create yourself a database account (which is in this case also a database superuser) with the same name as your login name and then create a password for the user:
sudo -u postgres createuser --superuser
$USER sudo -u postgres psql postgres=# \password $USER Client programs, by default, connect to the local host using your Ubuntu login name and expect to find a database with that name too. So to make things REALLY easy, use your new superuser privileges granted above to create a database with the same name as your login name: createdb $USER Connecting to your own database to try out some SQL should now be as easy as: psql Creating additional database is just as easy, so for example, after running this: create database amarokdb; You can go right ahead and tell Amarok to use postgresql to store its music catalog. The database name would be amarokdb, the username would be your own login name, and you don't even need a password thanks to 'ident sameuser' so you can leave that blank. Using pgAdmin III GUI To get an idea of what PostgreSQL can do, you may start by firing up a graphical client. In a terminal type : pgadmin3 You will be presented with the pgAdmin III interface. Click on the "Add a connection to a server" button (top left). In the new dialog, enter the address 127.0.0.1, a description of the server, the default database ("mydb" in the example above), your username ("postgres") and your password. With this GUI you may start creating and managing databases, query the database, execute SQl etc. Managing the Server Managing users and rights To manage users, you first have to edit /etc/postgresql/8.1/main/pg_hba.conf and modify the default configuration which is very protective. For example, if you want postgres to manage its own users (not linked with system users), you will add the following line: 8<------------------------------------------- # TYPE DATABASE USER IP-ADDRESS IP-MASK METHOD host all all 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 md5 8<------------------------------------------- Which means that on your local network (10.0.0.0/24 - replace with your own local network !), postgres users can connect through the network to the database providing a classical couple user / password. Besides allowing a user to connect over the network to the to a database on the server, you must enable postgre to listen across different networks. To do that, open up /etc/postgresql/8.3/main/postgresql.conf in your favourite editor and alter the listen_addresses as below: listen_addresses = '10.0.0.1,localhost' where 10.0.0.1 describes the server's IP address on the local network. Note that this setting is commented out by default. To create a database with a user that have full rights on the database, use the following command:
sudo -u postgres createuser -D -A -P myuser
sudo -u postgres createdb -O myuser mydb
The first command line creates the user with no database creation rights (-D) with no add user rights -A) and will prompt you for entering a password (-P). The second command line create the database 'mydb with 'myuser' as owner. This little example will probably suit most of your needs. For more details, please refer to the corresponding man pages or the online documentation. restarting the server After configuring the networking / users you may need to restart the server, here is a suggested command to do so. sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.3 restart
C, C++, Python, Java, PHP, Ruby... It can be used to power anything from simple web applications to massive databases with millions of records. Client Installation If you only wish to connect to a PostgreSQL server, do not install the whole PostgreSQL package, but install the PostgreSQL client instead. To do this, use the following command sudo apt-get install postgresql-client you then connect to the server with the following command psql -h server.domain.org database user After you inserted the password you access PostgreSQL with line commands. You may for instance insert the following SELECT * FROM table WHERE 1; You exit the connection with \q Installation Dapper To install PostgreSQL 8.1 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql-8.1 Hardy Install the latest Postgresql 8.3 from the command line with the following command: sudo apt-get install postgresql Karmic, Lucid, Intrepid and Maverick To install Postgresql 8.4 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql Administration pgAdmin III is a handy GUI for PostgreSQL, it is essential to beginners. To install it, type at the command line: sudo apt-get install pgadmin3 You may also use the Synaptic package manager from the System>Administration menu to install these packages. Basic Server Setup To start off, we need to change the PostgreSQL postgres user password; we will not be able to access the server otherwise. As the “postgres” Linux user, we will execute the psql command. In a terminal, type: Dapper
sudo -u postgres psql template1
Karmic, Lucid, Intrepid and Maverick
sudo -u postgres psql postgres
Set a password for the "postgres" database role using the command:
\password postgres and give your password when prompted. The password text will be hidden from the console for security purposes. Type Control+D to exit the posgreSQL prompt. Create database To create the first database, which we will call "mydb", simply type:
sudo -u postgres createdb mydb
Install Server Instrumentation for Postgresql 8.4 To install Server Instrumentation for Postgresql 8.4 you may use the command line and type: sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib Run the adminpack.sql script, simply type:
sudo -u postgres psql < /usr/share/postgresql/8.4/contrib/adminpack.sql Alternative Server Setup If you don't intend to connect to the database from other machines, this alternative setup may be simpler. By default in Ubuntu, Postgresql is configured to use 'ident sameuser' authentication for any connections from the same machine. Check out the excellent Postgresql documentation for more information, but essentially this means that if your Ubuntu username is 'foo' and you add 'foo' as a Postgresql user then you can connect to the database without requiring a password. Since the only user who can connect to a fresh install is the postgres user, here is how to create yourself a database account (which is in this case also a database superuser) with the same name as your login name and then create a password for the user:
sudo -u postgres createuser --superuser
$USER sudo -u postgres psql postgres=# \password $USER Client programs, by default, connect to the local host using your Ubuntu login name and expect to find a database with that name too. So to make things REALLY easy, use your new superuser privileges granted above to create a database with the same name as your login name: createdb $USER Connecting to your own database to try out some SQL should now be as easy as: psql Creating additional database is just as easy, so for example, after running this: create database amarokdb; You can go right ahead and tell Amarok to use postgresql to store its music catalog. The database name would be amarokdb, the username would be your own login name, and you don't even need a password thanks to 'ident sameuser' so you can leave that blank. Using pgAdmin III GUI To get an idea of what PostgreSQL can do, you may start by firing up a graphical client. In a terminal type : pgadmin3 You will be presented with the pgAdmin III interface. Click on the "Add a connection to a server" button (top left). In the new dialog, enter the address 127.0.0.1, a description of the server, the default database ("mydb" in the example above), your username ("postgres") and your password. With this GUI you may start creating and managing databases, query the database, execute SQl etc. Managing the Server Managing users and rights To manage users, you first have to edit /etc/postgresql/8.1/main/pg_hba.conf and modify the default configuration which is very protective. For example, if you want postgres to manage its own users (not linked with system users), you will add the following line: 8<------------------------------------------- # TYPE DATABASE USER IP-ADDRESS IP-MASK METHOD host all all 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 md5 8<------------------------------------------- Which means that on your local network (10.0.0.0/24 - replace with your own local network !), postgres users can connect through the network to the database providing a classical couple user / password. Besides allowing a user to connect over the network to the to a database on the server, you must enable postgre to listen across different networks. To do that, open up /etc/postgresql/8.3/main/postgresql.conf in your favourite editor and alter the listen_addresses as below: listen_addresses = '10.0.0.1,localhost' where 10.0.0.1 describes the server's IP address on the local network. Note that this setting is commented out by default. To create a database with a user that have full rights on the database, use the following command:
sudo -u postgres createuser -D -A -P myuser
sudo -u postgres createdb -O myuser mydb
The first command line creates the user with no database creation rights (-D) with no add user rights -A) and will prompt you for entering a password (-P). The second command line create the database 'mydb with 'myuser' as owner. This little example will probably suit most of your needs. For more details, please refer to the corresponding man pages or the online documentation. restarting the server After configuring the networking / users you may need to restart the server, here is a suggested command to do so. sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-8.3 restart
On 05:25 by Unknown No comments
To access the php.ini file /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini
To make it work you should make you php.ini look like this:
; display_errors
Default Value: On
Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; display_startup_errors
105 Default Value: On
106 Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; error_reporting 110 Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
Development Value: E_ALL | E_STRICT
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED
; html_errors 115 Default Value: On
Development Value: On
;Production value: Off
; log_errors 120 Default Value: On
Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
Then restart your apache2 server
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
and everything will work fine.
Good luck!
; display_errors
Default Value: On
Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; display_startup_errors
105 Default Value: On
106 Development Value: On
; Production Value: Off
; error_reporting 110 Default Value: E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE
Development Value: E_ALL | E_STRICT
; Production Value: E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED
; html_errors 115 Default Value: On
Development Value: On
;Production value: Off
; log_errors 120 Default Value: On
Development Value: On
; Production Value: On
Then restart your apache2 server
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
and everything will work fine.
Good luck!
On 04:42 by Unknown No comments
Create tar file
$ tar -cvf filename.tar filename
Extract tar file
$ tar -xvf filename.tar
To extract tar file with gz extension use
$ tar -xvf filename.tar
Meanings to commond tar command flags are given below
c - Create a new archive.
t – List the contents of an archive.
x - Extract the contents of an archive.
f – The archive file name is given on the command line (required whenever the tar output is going to a file)
M – The archive can span multiple floppies.
v - Print verbose output (list file names as they are processed).
u – Add files to the archive if they are newer than the copy in the tar file.
z – Compress or decompress files automatically.
On 04:31 by Unknown No comments
Your user needs permission to write to /var/www. Since you're not worried about permissions: In a terminal you can type sudo chmod a+rw /var/www and your own user will be able to write to that directory.
That will give read/write access to /var/www to everybody on your machine. It will allow you to save and Apache to read.
Thursday 17 May 2012
On 23:57 by Unknown No comments
sudo rm -rf folder/ ~source http://www.mail-archive.com/ubuntu-in@lists.ubuntu.com/msg00413.html
Tuesday 15 May 2012
On 02:10 by Unknown No comments
->http://voices.yahoo.com/changing-permissions-locked-folders-ubuntu-linux-2927907.html
->http://lowfatlinux.com/linux-chmod-chown.html
->https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FilePermissions
->http://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1052392.html
On 01:33 by Unknown No comments
->http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/Subversion.html
->http://svnbook.red-bean.com/nightly/en/svn.intro.quickstart.html
->http://www.clear.rice.edu/comp314/svn.html
->http://aymanh.com/subversion-a-quick-tutorial
->http://maverick.inria.fr/Membres/Xavier.Decoret/resources/svn/index.html
On 00:41 by Unknown No comments
http://php.net/manual/en/function.hash.php
http://phpsec.org/articles/2005/password-hashing.html
http://phpsec.org/articles/2005/password-hashing.html
On 00:11 by Unknown No comments
->use the page source on the browser
->you can echo the sql statement
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
Search
Popular Posts
-
An older version of java was copied into the home directory under .swt. By Creating a symbolic link to /usr/lib/jni/libswt I was able to sol...
-
Client sided solution This error can simply be an issue with cookies in your web browser, so either delete all stored cookies or selecti...
-
1.Install build-essential package apt-get install build-essential 2.Install g++ if not already installed apt-get install g++ 3.You can now c...
-
Rich text editors(RTE) can really save you a lot of work that is for those who do not like going the cms way.The cms comes comes with a RTE....
-
FileZilla is open source client fast and reliable cross-platform FTPS, FTP, and SFTP also with lots of useful features and with graphical u...
-
First,you need to creat the file using gedit, Then open terminal, Then change directory to to the file location, Then type g++ <filena...
-
Install unrar Note:The commands work only with a full path to the archive directory. sudo apt-get install unrar Using unrar to extract t...
-
right click on the project >properties>run>then change console type to standard output
-
In ubuntu, the root account does exist, However it is not activated by default. Though you should avoid this, but if you want to login usi...
-
check the file permissions of the file. This means the file has only read/execute permissions for the owner. To fix this:you have to chan...
Recent Posts
Sample Text
Blog Archive
-
▼
2012
(37)
-
▼
May
(14)
- reverting a single file on svn
- Enabling writing into the /var/www directory
- SSH Access
- Fatal error: Call to undefined function pg_connect...
- POSTGRE SQL
- Enabling display of php Errors
- working with tar files in ubuntu
- Enabling writing into the var/www directory
- Installing Lamp
- Removing a folder with tis content
- Linux file permissions/Folder locks
- Subversion on Ubuntu
- security on php
- checking for errors
-
▼
May
(14)
Sample Text
Powered by Blogger.
Social Icons
Followers
About Me
Featured Posts
Popular Posts
-
An older version of java was copied into the home directory under .swt. By Creating a symbolic link to /usr/lib/jni/libswt I was able to sol...
-
Client sided solution This error can simply be an issue with cookies in your web browser, so either delete all stored cookies or selecti...
-
1.Install build-essential package apt-get install build-essential 2.Install g++ if not already installed apt-get install g++ 3.You can now c...
-
Rich text editors(RTE) can really save you a lot of work that is for those who do not like going the cms way.The cms comes comes with a RTE....
-
FileZilla is open source client fast and reliable cross-platform FTPS, FTP, and SFTP also with lots of useful features and with graphical u...
-
First,you need to creat the file using gedit, Then open terminal, Then change directory to to the file location, Then type g++ <filena...
-
Install unrar Note:The commands work only with a full path to the archive directory. sudo apt-get install unrar Using unrar to extract t...
-
right click on the project >properties>run>then change console type to standard output
-
In ubuntu, the root account does exist, However it is not activated by default. Though you should avoid this, but if you want to login usi...
-
check the file permissions of the file. This means the file has only read/execute permissions for the owner. To fix this:you have to chan...